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Difference between Play at something and Play on something

play at something

1. (of children) engage in a specified game:

  • Nana had turned on the water for Michael’s bath. The two older children were playing at being mother and father.

2. perform smth. in a not very serious manner:

  • It’s no good playing at business, you have to take it seriously.

3. fill a particular position in a sports team:

  • Vasquez played at center forward and center midfield … and he led the team in goals scored.

play on something

1. perform on a musical instrument:

  • I’m no longer aware that I’m playing on a violin; I’m just expressing myself.

2. make use or advantage of smb.’s feelings:

  • By playing on the old lady’s fears, the criminals were able to persuade her to give them her money.

3. emit light, a jet of water from a hose, etc. onto a surface:

  • Searchlights played on the river upstream to light up any floating mines.

4. make clever use of some aspect of a particular word or idea, often for a humorous effect:

  • Arbuthnot’s satire plays on the idea of society as a human body.