Distant, far, faraway, far-off, remote, removed mean not near or close but separated by an obvious interval especially in space or in time.
Distant carries a stronger reference to the length of the interval (whether long or short) than the other terms; only when it directly qualifies a noun does it necessarily imply that the interval is markedly long.
Far, except for the possible reference to a short distance involved in the question “How far?, applies (as adverb as well as adjective) only to what is a long way off.
Faraway and far-off not only mean extremely far but are preferred when distance in time is specifically implied.
However, both may suggest distance in space.
Remote suggests a far removal, especially from something (as one’s present location, one’s point of view, or one’s time) regarded as a center or vantage ground.
Removed, which is usually a predicate adjective, carries a stronger implication of separateness and distinction than remote; it therefore usually implies a contrast between two things apart not only in space or in time but in character or quality.
Figuratively, distant implies slightness of connection or aloofness of manner.
Remote imputes to the thing so described a foreign or alien character or an inaccessible nature.
Removed stresses difference, often a diametrical or antithetical difference.