Excess, superfluity, surplus, surplusage, overplus denote something which goes beyond a limit or bound.
Excess applies to whatever exceeds a limit, measure, bound, or accustomed degree.
Often it specifically implies intemperance or immoderation.
Superfluity applies to an excess (as of money, clothes, or possessions) that is above or beyond what is needed or desired.
Surplus applies to the amount or quantity of something that remains when all that has been needed has been disposed of (as by using, spending, or selling).
Surplusage may be used in place of surplus but may especially imply wasteful or useless excess.
Overplus is often used in place of surplus, but it less often implies a remainder than an addition to what is needed.