Reproduction, duplicate, copy, carbon copy, facsimile, replica, transcript are comparable when they mean one thing which closely or essentially resembles something that has already been made, produced, or written.
Reproduction may imply identity in material or substance, in size, and in quality, or it may imply differences, provided that the imitation gives a fairly true likeness of the original; thus, a reproduction of an Elizabethan theater may be on a very small scale; a reproduction of a Sheraton chair may be in cherry rather than in the mahogany of the original.
A duplicate is a double of something else; the word may be used of something that exactly corresponds to or is the counterpart of any object whatsoever.
A copy is a reproduction of something else, often without the exact correspondence which belongs to a duplicate; however copy, rather than duplicate (which logically implies that there is but a single reproduction), is applicable to any one of a number of things printed from the same type format, struck off from the same die, or made in the same mold.
Carbon copy stresses the idea of exactness found in duplicate .
A facsimile is a close but usually not exact reproduction; the term may imply differences (as in scale) but it implies as close an imitating in details and material as possible or feasible.
Replica applies specifically to an exact reproduction of a statue, a painting, or a building made by or under the direction of the same artist, architect, or artisan; thus, one does not speak accurately of a modern replica of the Winged Victory, but of a modern reproduction; one may speak of the confusing tendency of some Renaissance artists to make replicas of their paintings. However the word is often used merely to emphasize very close likeness.
Transcript applies only to a written, typed, or printed copy made directly from an original or from shorthand notes.